Robert Frost dan Puisinya
Robert Frost (1874–1963) adalah salah satu penyair terkenal asal Amerika Serikat. Karya-karyanya dikenal dengan kesederhanaan bahasanya, latar alam pedesaan New England, dan kedalaman maknanya.
Robert Frost adalah penyair yang berhasil mengemas pemikiran kompleks dalam bentuk sederhana. Melalui alam, interaksi sosial, dan perenungan pribadi, ia menyuarakan hal-hal yang dekat dengan kehidupan semua orang.
Meskipun menggunakan kata-kata sehari-hari, puisi-puisi Robert Frost menyimpan lapisan filsafat, refleksi hidup, serta pertanyaan eksistensial yang terus relevan hingga hari ini.
Ada lima puisi terkenal karya Robert Frost. Mari kita bahas satu-persatu.
1. The Road Not Taken (1916)
Puisi ini menggunakan metafora dua jalan di hutan untuk menggambarkan pilihan hidup.
Puisi ini menyoroti bagaimana keputusan kecil dalam hidup bisa berdampak besar, dan bagaimana manusia cenderung meromantisasi pilihan di masa lalu.
Berikut ini isi lengkapnya:
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
I shall be telling this with a sigh
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
2. Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening (1923)
Puisi ini berbicara tentang godaan untuk menyerah atau berhenti, namun hidup terus menuntut kita untuk melanjutkan perjalanan.
Puisi ini menggambarkan momen keheningan di tengah hutan bersalju yang membuat ingin menikmati keindahan dan ketenangannya, tapi muncul kesadaran akan tanggung jawab yang harus ditunaikan yang digambarkan lewat baris terkenal “I have promises to keep, / And miles to go before I sleep.”
Kata “sleep” di sini bisa dimaknai secara literal maupun sebagai metafora kematian.
Berikut ini isi puisinya:
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though;
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
My little horse must think it queer
To stop without a farmhouse near
Between the woods and frozen lake
The darkest evening of the year.
He gives his harness bells a shake
To ask if there is some mistake.
The only other sound’s the sweep
Of easy wind and downy flake.
The woods are lovely, dark and deep,
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.
3. Mending Wall (1914)
Puisi ini menggambarkan dua tetangga yang setiap tahun memperbaiki pagar pemisah di antara tanah mereka.
Dalam puisi ini dipertanyakan apakah pagar itu benar-benar diperlukan, sedangkan tetangganya bersikukuh bahwa “Good fences make good neighbors.”
Puisi ini menyindir sikap konservatif dan mempertanyakan batas-batas sosial yang justru memisahkan manusia.
Berikut ini isi puisi lengkapnya:
Something there is that doesn’t love a wall,
That sends the frozen-ground-swell under it,
And spills the upper boulders in the sun;
And makes gaps even two can pass abreast...
He only says, “Good fences make good neighbors.”
Spring is the mischief in me, and I wonder
If I could put a notion in his head:
“Why do they make good neighbors? Isn't it
Where there are cows? But here there are no cows...”
Something there is that doesn't love a wall,
That wants it down.
4. Birches (1915)
Dalam puisi ini, pohon birch (sejenis pohon ramping yang bisa melengkung) menjadi simbol nostalgia masa kecil dan kerinduan akan pelarian dari realitas. Dengan pesan utama tidak ada salahnya sesekali “melarikan diri” untuk kembali dengan semangat baru.
Berikut ini isi puisinya:
When I see birches bend to left and right
Across the lines of straighter darker trees,
I like to think some boy's been swinging them.
But swinging doesn’t bend them down to stay...
So was I once myself a swinger of birches.
And so I dream of going back to be.
I’d like to get away from earth awhile
And then come back to it and begin over...
One could do worse than be a swinger of birches.
5. Fire and Ice (1920)
Puisi ini pendek tapi sangat dalam, mewakili dua elemen yang berlawanan yaitu fire dan ice.
“Fire” mewakili hasrat, nafsu, dan gairah, sedangkan “ice” mewakili kebencian, dinginnya emosi, dan ketidakpedulian.
Frost menyatakan bahwa keduanya sama-sama bisa menghancurkan dunia. Ini adalah refleksi kuat tentang sifat manusia—bahwa ekstrem emosi (baik panas maupun dingin) bisa membawa kehancuran.
Berikut ini isi puisi lengkapnya:
Some say the world will end in fire,
Some say in ice.
From what I’ve tasted of desire
I hold with those who favor fire.
But if it had to perish twice,
I think I know enough of hate
To say that for destruction ice
Is also great
And would suffice.
.