Passive Voice

Passive voice atau kalimat pasif digunakan ketika kita ingin menekankan tindakan atau objek yang menerima tindakan, bukan subjek yang melakukan tindakan.

Biasanya passive voice digunakan dalam tulisan formal, berita, atau ketika subjek yang melakukan tindakan tidak diketahui atau tidak penting.

 

Dalam passive voice, objek dari kalimat aktif menjadi subjek di kalimat pasif.

 

Struktur ini memfokuskan perhatian pada aksi atau hasil dari aksi, bukan pada pelakunya.

 

 

Contoh Kalimat Aktif dan Pasif:

 

1.   Aktif: The teacher teaches English.
Pasif: English is taught by the teacher.

 

2.   Aktif: They built the bridge in 2020.
Pasif: The bridge was built in 2020.

 

 

Pola dasar à

 

 

Berikut ini adalah pola Passive Voice untuk tenses dalam bahasa Inggris.

 

No	Tense	Active Voice	Passive Voice	Pattern Passive
1.	Simple Present	She writes a letter.	A letter is written by her.	Subject + is/am/are + V3
2.	Present Continuous	She is writing a letter.	A letter is being written by her.	Subject + is/am/are being + V3
3.	Present Perfect	She has written a letter.	A letter has been written by her.	Subject + has/have been + V3
4.	Present Perfect Continuous	She has been writing a letter.	Tidak digunakan dalam passive voice.	N/A
5.	Simple Past	She wrote a letter.	A letter was written by her.	Subject + was/were + V3
6.	Past Continuous	She was writing a letter.	A letter was being written by her.	Subject + was/were being + V3
7.	Past Perfect	She had written a letter.	A letter had been written by her.	Subject + had been + V3
8.	Past Perfect Continuous	She had been writing a letter.	Tidak digunakan dalam passive voice.	N/A
9.	Simple Future	She will write a letter.	A letter will be written by her.	Subject + will be + V3
10.	Future Continuous	She will be writing a letter.	Tidak digunakan dalam passive voice.	N/A
11.	Future Perfect	She will have written a letter.	A letter will have been written by her.	Subject + will have been + V3
12.	Future Perfect Continuous	She will have been writing a letter.	Tidak digunakan dalam passive voice.	N/A
13.	Simple Past Future	She would write a letter.	A letter would be written by her.	Subject + would be + V3
14.	Past Future Continuous	She would be writing a letter.	Tidak digunakan dalam passive voice.	N/A
15.	Past Future Perfect	She would have written a letter.	A letter would have been written by her.	Subject + would have been + V3
16.	Past Future Perfect Continuous	She would have been writing a letter.	Tidak digunakan dalam passive voice.	N/A

 

 

Catatan:

1.   Passive Voice tidak lazim digunakan untuk Continuous Tenses dalam bentuk Perfect Continuous.

2.   Untuk kalimat Future Tenses dengan modal (will, would), cukup tambahkan be setelah modal dan ikuti dengan Verb 3.

3.   Fokus utama dalam Passive Voice selalu terletak pada pola “Be + Verb 3”

 

Contoh Penggunaan Passive Voice dalam 8 Tenses

 

1.   Simple Present:

o    Aktif: The chef cooks the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal is cooked by the chef.

 

2.   Present Continuous:

o    Aktif: The chef is cooking the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal is being cooked by the chef.

 

3.   Present Perfect:

o    Aktif: The chef has cooked the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal has been cooked by the chef.

 

4.   Simple Past:

o    Aktif: The chef cooked the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal was cooked by the chef.

 

5.   Past Continuous:

o    Aktif: The chef was cooking the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal was being cooked by the chef.

 

6.   Past Perfect:

o    Aktif: The chef had cooked the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal had been cooked by the chef.

 

7.   Simple Future:

o    Aktif: The chef will cook the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal will be cooked by the chef.

 

8.   Future Perfect:

o    Aktif: The chef will have cooked the meal.

o    Pasif: The meal will have been cooked by the chef.

 

 

Kapan Menggunakan Passive Voice?

 

1.   Fokus pada Tindakan atau Hasil:
Contoh:

The building was destroyed in the fire.

 

2.   Ketika Pelaku Tidak Diketahui atau Tidak Penting:
Contoh:

The cake was eaten.

 

3.   Dalam Tulisan Formal atau Akademis:
Contoh:

The research was conducted by the team.

 

4.   Dalam Laporan Berita:
Contoh:

A new law has been passed by the government.